Families, Infants, and Young Children at Risk: Pathways to Best Practice

Description

The clearest, most comprehensive text available on the neurological and psycho-social development of children from birth to 8, this cutting-edge book will be the cornerstone of every early interventionist's education. Essential for preservice professionals across multiple disciplines—and for inservice practitioners in search of a reference they can trust— this textbook helps readers fully understand child development, address the complex needs of children with disabilities and their families, and skillfully connect the latest clinical knowledge with everyday practice.

Illustrated with dozens of engaging and instructive photos, this text helps future professionals in education, medicine, and related clinical fields

• meet state requirements for training in early childhood special education with complete coverage of the birth–8 period
• understand the full range of issues—medical, psychosocial, cultural, developmental, and educational—affecting child development
• ensure strong partnerships with professionals and families by learning about other disciplines and understanding the challenges parents face
• address social-emotional factors at every stage of a child's early development
• discover how clinical issues affect children in educational settings after the critical transition to school
• develop sensitivity to diverse family needs through eye-opening vignettes and child-family studies

With this accessible core textbook and professional reference, early interventionists will be ready to work effectively with children who have or are at risk for developmental delays—and pool their knowledge and resources with professionals across disciplines to ensure the best outcomes for children and families.

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Table of Contents

About the Editors
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments

I. Beginnings

1. Families, Infants, and Young Children: New Challenges to Best Practice
   Gail L. Ensher 
   
   New Faces and New Languages 
   Caregivers in a Working World
   The Influences of Media
   Continuing Agendas and New Challenges for Families
   Ethical Issues in Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine
   Realities of Federal Department of Education Mandates

2. Pregnancy, Labor, and Delivery
   David A. Clark 
   
   Overview of Pregnancy
   Problem Pregnancies
   The Fetus
   Labor and Delivery

3. Evaluation and Care of the Neonate
   David A. Clark
   
   Delivery Room Management
   Birth Injuries
   The Physiology and Behavior of Transition
   Assessment of Gestational Age
   Neurological Evaluation
   Growth and Gestational Age
   Routine Newborn Care
   Newborn Screening
   Discharge Planning

4. The Family as Foreground
   Jill R. Weldum, Nancy S. Songer, and Gail L. Ensher 
   
   Careful Assumptions
   The Significance of a Personal Lens
   Experiences of Families Who Have Children with Special Needs
   Collaborative Care as a Best Practice
   The Family as Context
   Contemporary Families
   Family Roles
   Life Cycle Changes
   Family Systems
   Stressors and Resiliency
   Child Development

II. Early Problems and Developmental Courses

5. Neonatal Neurology
   Marilyn A. Fisher
   
   Prenatal Brain Development
   Postnatal Brain Development
   Nervous System Teratogens
   Neurological Examination
   Nervous System Impairment

6. Performance Assessment: New Connections and Future Perspectives
   Gail L. Ensher
   
   The Need for Follow-Up within the Context of Developmental Outcome
   Parents as Partners in the Assessment Process
   Beyond Eligibility: Linking Assessment to Intervention
   The Need to See Children and Families in Their Natural Environments
   Fading Models
   
   

7. Autism Spectrum Disorders in Young Children: New Paradigms
   Ellen Barnes, Janet O’Flynn, and Lori Saile 
   
   What Is Autism? 
   What Causes Autism? 
   Sensory and Motor Challenges
   Cognitive and Learning Style
   Communication
   Social Interaction
   Behavior and Routines
   Autism and the Family
   Implications for Intervention and New Research

8. Sensory Processing Disorders: A Teacher’s Perspective
   Toni Bell, Christy Cook, and Janet O’Flynn
   
   The Nervous System
   Sensory Processing Disorders
   Early Intervention
   Progression of the Field

9. Respiratory Distress in Newborns
   Upender Munshi, Michelle Eastman, and David A. Clark 
   
   Lung Development
   Acute Respiratory Distress
   Transition Disorders
   Fetal Lung Fluid
   Respiratory Distress Syndrome
   Aspiration Syndromes
   Air Leak Syndromes
   Pulmonary Hemorrhage
   Neonatal Sepsis and Pneumonia Syndrome
   Metabolic Errors
   Management of Acute Respiratory Distress
   Chronic Lung Disease

10. Nutrition and Feeding Problems
    Linda Levy and David A. Clark
    
    Development
    Components of Nutrition
    Means of Receiving Nutrition
    Common Neonatal Diseases Affecting the Ability to Feed

11. Physical Development and Impairment
    Angel Rios and David A. Clark
    
    Prenatal History
    Family History
    Birth History
    Structural Defects
    Physical Examination
    Testing for Genetic Diseases
    Future Treatment

12. Infection and Immunity
    Michelle L. Eastman and David A. Clark
    
    Diagnostic Features
    Immunity and Decreased Resistance to Infection
    Intrauterine (Transplacental) Infections
    Intrapartum Infections
    Postpartum Infections

13. The Interface of Physiology and Medical Environments
    Gail L. Ensher and David A. Clark
    
    Impact of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Environment on Development of the Brain and the Senses
    Developmentally Appropriate Practices with Newborns and Their Families

14. The Management of Pain in Infants and Young Children
    Susan A. Furdon
    
    Dispelling Myths About Pain
    Approaches to Infant Pain Management
    Health Care Workers’ Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices
    Parents
    Long-Term Consequences
    Challenges for Providing Care

III. Families: The Social Foundation for Growing and Learning

15. Cultural Diversity: Different Ways of Looking at the Roles of Families, Young Children, and Disability
    Margo A. Nish and Gail L. Ensher
    
    Diversity and Family Viewpoints
    Places Where We Live, Learn, and Receive Services
    Addressing Diverse Cultural Perspectives in Early Education
    Language Difference or Disability? 
    Training for Best Practice

16. The Cycle of Substance Abuse
    
    Heidi Baldwin, Nancy S. Songer, and Gail L. Ensher 
    Prevalence of Alcohol and Drug Use During Pregnancy
    Contributing Factors Leading to Addiction
    Prenatal Impact of Substance Abuse
    Neonatal and Childhood Problems Related to Maternal Substance Abuse
    Implications of Children Living in Substance-Abusing Homes
    Breaking the Cycle

17. The Web of Family Abuse, Neglect, and Violence in American Schools
    Gail L. Ensher and David A. Clark
    
    Magnitude of the Problem in the United States
    Meanings and Definitions
    Pieces of the Puzzle
    Bullying and Violence in American Schools
    Resilience in Children and Families
    Programs of Promise: Using the Best of What We Know

18. Parents with Developmental Disabilities Caring for Infants and Young Children
    Ava E. Kleinmann and Nancy S. Songer.
    
    Definitions
    Challenges of Parents with Developmental Disabilities
    Legal Issues
    System Abuse
    Family Issues
    Child Risk Factors
    Research
    How Parents and Their Young Children Can Best Be Supported

19. Teen Parents: Trends in Adolescent Pregnancy
    Nancy S. Songer and Gretchen Kinnell
    
    Who Are the Teens Having the Babies? 
    Predictors, Conditions, and Risk Factors
    Outcomes for Teens and Their Children
    What Young Children Need and What Teens Have to Give
    Programs that Help Teen Parents and Their Children

IV. The Intersection of Best Practice in Medical Treatment and Early Education

20. The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: An Environment for Best Practice and Parent–Professional Collaboration
    Carol Reinson and Dona Bauman
    
    Meeting Families in the Midst of Neonatal Crisis
    The Contemporary Touchstone of Family-Centered Care
    A Developmentally Supportive, Family-Centered Model of Neonatal Care
    The Need for Real-Live Information: Parents as Advocates
    The Parents’ Perspective

21. Home and School Programs for Infants and Children with Special Needs
    Deborah A. Bryden and Gail L. Ensher
    
    Mandates of Statewide and Federal Legislation
    Early Intervention in the State of New York
    Transitions to New Settings and New Programs
    Programs of Promise

22. Putting It All Together
    Gail L. Ensher, David A. Clark, and Nancy S. Songer 
    
    What Have We Learned About Pathways to Best Practices? 

Appendix Resources
Organizations Providing Obstetric, Pediatric, and Health Care Information
Information on Intervention and Early Childhood Special Education

Index